Teaching of Maths in KS1 and KS2

In Year 1, children will start to build confidence in working with numbers, through developing their counting and calculation skills. They will also gain an understanding of halves and quarters, start to measure and tell the time, and learn about some 2D and 3D shapes.

Children will be taught to count forwards and backwards gradually to 100, add and subtract numbers to 20, and be introduced to the idea of multiplying and dividing through sharing.

Throughout their learning, children will be encouraged to problem and reason using the CPA model where appropriate and depending upon ability.

In Year 2, children continue to develop their counting and calculation skills to number to 100, learning different ways to multiply and divide. They will also extend their understanding of fractions and are taught to measure length, weight, volume, temperature, time and money, discover more about 2D and 3D shapes, and begin to learn about statistics.

Children will learn how to count in steps of 2, 3, 5 and 10 and learn number bonds to 20. They are taught how to partition numbers into 10s and 1s to add and subtract one-digit and two-digit numbers. It is in this year that children are introduced to 2, 5 and 10 times tables and how to find  1/2, 1/3, 1/4, 2/4  of quantities and shapes.

Throughout their learning, children will be encouraged to problem and reason using the CPA model where appropriate and depending upon ability

In Year 3, children will continue to develop their understanding of numbers to 1000 and start to calculate using formal written methods. They will learn a lot more about fractions, including tenth and will find perimeters of 2D shapes, use the 24-hour clock, recognise angles, and start to use bar charts.

Children will learn how to count in steps of 4, 8, 50 and 100 and order and compare numbers to 1000. They will continue to develop their portioning skills, partitioning number into 100s, 10s and 1s, add and subtract three-digit numbers, and multiply two-digit by one-digit numbers. They also continue to their knowledge and fluency of their times tables and are taught the 3, 4, and 8 times tables and begin to add and subtract fractions.

Throughout their learning, children will be encouraged to problem and reason using the CPA model where appropriate and depending upon ability.

In Year 4, children develop their mental and written calculation skills using larger positive numbers up to 1,000 000 and fractions. It is at this point in their learning that they are introduced to negative and decimal numbers, as well as some Roman numerals. They will convert between units of measurement, find perimeters and areas, and learn more about angles and symmetry. They will plot shapes on coordinate grids and start to use time line graphs.

Children will learn how to count in steps of 6, 7, 9, 25 and 1000, add and subtract four-digit numbers and multiply three-digit by one-digit numbers. They will continue their fluency and knowledge of their times tables up to 12 x 12 and be able to divide by 10 and 100 to give decimal answers. Children will also be given the knowledge of how to round numbers to the nearest 10, 100 and 1000, or whole number for decimals.

Throughout their learning, children will be encouraged to problem and reason using the CPA model where appropriate and depending upon ability